Strategies for the prevention of post-intensive care syndrome in pediatric patients. Literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51326/ec.8.3807634Keywords:
Diary, Nursing Care, Pediatrics, Post-Intensive Care Syndrome, PreventionAbstract
Introduction: Scientific and technological advancements have contributed to the survival of critically ill pediatric patients, although this entails a series of physical, cognitive, and mental morbidities that directly affect the post-critical patient and their families. This is known as pediatric post-intensive care syndrome (PICS-P). Due to its importance, this literature review aims to provide a synthesis of the available information to reduce or prevent the onset of this syndrome in the pediatric population.
Methodology: Literature review of the past five years in PubMed, CINAHL, BVS, Metasearch engines, TRIP Database, Epistemonikos, Cochrane, Health, and JBI.
Results: It has been proven that the use of ICU diaries provides psychological benefits for the family nucleus. Early mobilization and rehabilitation are potentially effective strategies to prevent complications, delays in mobility and prolonged hospital stays. Additionally, when combined with nutritional therapy, they prevent muscle mass loss. The use of non-benzodiazepine sedatives (dexmedetomidine), along with good sleep hygiene, significantly aids in the management of delirium. The ABCDEFGH bundles, adapted to paediatrics, and the LiberAction project in the face of limited resources, are good measures for the prevention of PICS.
Conclusion: Although there is little evidence in pediatrics, the early implementation of measures to prevent PICS is much more effective than post-discharge treatment. Nurses are crucially important for the implementation of these measures.
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References
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